TECHNICAL  ARTICLES


Articles Published in Quality Digest


The Paradox of Acceptance Sampling - We Keep Trying to Find a Needle in the Haystack

02 October 2018; Article demonstrates the diminishing returns inherent in acceptance sampling and contrasts plans for product control with plans for process control. 

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The Paradox of Acceptance Sampling_QD 20
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MIL-STD-105 Process Control 08 October 2018; Article demonstrates MIL-STD-105 (ANSI/ASQ Z1.4) as a process control procedure and provides an accurate historic perspective on the origins of the "acceptable quality level (AQL).

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MIL-STD-105 Process Control 20200204.pdf
Adobe Acrobat Document 606.2 KB

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MIL-STD-105 Using Imaginary Limits - The use of imaginary limits enables us to apply MIL-STD-105 directly without the worries of acceptance numbers greater than zero.  The resulting sampling plans have more discriminating power than conventional c=0 sampling plans.

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Application of MIL_STD_105 Sampling Plan
Adobe Acrobat Document 1.1 MB


d2: More Than Just a Control Chart Constant - 07 November 2018

Every Quality Professional should understand the lessons from L.H.C Tippett's 1925 paper on extreme values.  This research has broad implications on the Quality profession and our ability to inspect for conformance to requirements.

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d2_Rev20200204.pdf
Adobe Acrobat Document 1.1 MB

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Reverse Engineer Your Experiments - 06 December 2018

Start with the answer in mind and don't be surprised during the analysis.  For conducting designed experiments or simply for capability studies, let's start with the critical value and work backwards to the required sample size. 

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Reverse Engineer Your Experiments
Reverse Engineer your Experiments 202002
Adobe Acrobat Document 1.1 MB

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Other Technical Articles


MIL-STD-105 (ANSI/ASQ Z1.4) For Process Control - Part 2

How were the sample sizes of MIL-STD-105 (ANSI/ASQ Z1.4) determined?  What value is the Accept and Reject number?  What is the linkage to control charting?  Download this short story about additive manufacturing to learn more.

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MIL-STD-105 Process Control Sample Size
Adobe Acrobat Document 600.4 KB


Precision of Averages Over Individuals

The relationship between averages and individuals has wide practical usage.  We can easily reduce measurement uncertainty by using average values instead of individual observations.  However, the relationship is not linear and there are trade-offs between cost and precision.  Download this chart to learn more.

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Precision of Averages Over Individuals
Sample Size Individuals vs Averages 2020
Adobe Acrobat Document 682.4 KB


Control Charting - The Way Shewhart Intended

There is still a lot of confusion about control charting.  Download this article which I published in the Journal of Quality Engineering to learn about the flexibility Walter Shewhart incorporated into his own work.

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The Relationship Process Improvement and Control Chart Techniques
Control Charting Process Improvement ove
Adobe Acrobat Document 330.2 KB